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1 Peter 1:18–19 and the Other Verses of 1 Peter 1

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“As Moses lifted up the serpent [the serpent made of bronze described in Numbers 21:8–9] in the wilderness, even so must the Son of Man be lifted up, so that whosoever believes in Him will have eternal life, for God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten [uniquely born] Son, that whosoever believes in Him shall not perish but have eternal life.”

“…for by grace you are saved through faith and that not of yourselves; it is the gift of God, not as a result of works, lest any man should boast.”

Above is the content of John 3:14–16 and the content of Ephesians 2:8–9, respectively.  Itʼs worthwhile to refrain from receiving the mark referenced in Revelation 13:11–18 and to instead receive eternal life for free by believing that Jesus is the Savior.  Before doing any Bible studying and before praying to God the Father, it is useful for a person who has believed in the Lord Jesus Christ as the Savior to try to think of any sins that one might have committed since one last confessed oneʼs known post-salvation sins to God the Father, and if one has indeed committed any, to then silently confess those sins to God the Father—confessing only one time for each sin—in accordance with what is mentioned in 1 John 1:9:  

“If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.”

This webpage could be periodically updated.  If there is a mass disappearance of people professing to be Christians, and if the original author of this webpage is amongst those people disappearing en masse, then it is possible that this webpage will no longer be updated.  Also, if there is a mass disappearance of people professing to be Christians, it is worthwhile to consider the possibility that those people have exited from the earth on the occasion known as the Rapture instead of assuming that that mass disappearance involves extraterrestrials abducting those people or involves the annihilation of those people or involves anything else other than the Rapture.  

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Also, it is possible that it is worthwhile to print this content in case of time periods involving lack of Internet connectivity.  

When studying the Word of God, it is beneficial to keep in mind the content of Hebrews 4:12:  

“Indeed, the Word of God is alive and powerful, sharper than any two-edged sword, piercing even to the dividing asunder of the soul and the spirit and of the joints and the marrow and is a critic of thoughts and intents of the heart.”

Note:  The heart refers to the mind.  

It is also beneficial to keep in mind the content of 2 Timothy 3:16–17 when studying the Word of God:  

“All Scripture is God breathed and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness, that the man of God might be mature, having been thoroughly furnished unto all good work.”

It is the responsibility of a pastor-teacher to endeavor to correctly understand the Word of God and then to accurately teach the Word of God, as per the content of 2 Timothy 2:15:  

“Be diligent to present yourself approved to God as a workman who does not need to be ashamed, accurately handling the Word of Truth.”

A pastor-teacher is a communicator rather than a crutch on which to be leaned.  In that regard, a believer in the Lord Jesus Christ should refrain from putting oneʼs trust in and thereby serving as a devoted follower of and thus worshiping a pastor-teacher.  Likewise, a believer should refrain from putting oneʼs trust in and thereby serving as a devoted follower of and thus worshiping anyone other than the Trinity [God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit], as per Joshua 24:15, the content of which references Joshua speaking to the Israelites:  

If it is disagreeable/bad/evil/wrong/wretchedness/displeasing in your sight to serve/worship Jehovah / Yahweh / I am I am / the existing One, choose for yourselves today whom you serve/worship:  whether the gods ['elohiym / false gods] which your fathers have served/worshiped which were beyond the river or the gods ['elohiym / false gods] of the Amorites in whose land you are living.  As for me and my house, we serve/worship Jehovah / Yahweh / I am I am / the existing One.

Note:  Joshua, the leader of the Israelites after Joshua had been serving as the assistant of Moses while Moses was the leader of the Israelites, set the example for the Israelites.  Joshua chose to put his trust in and thereby serve as a devoted follower of and thus worship God the Father rather than Joshua choosing to put his trust in and thereby serve as a devoted follower of and thus worship the lesser of multiple evils amongst multiple choices of 'elohiym [el-oh-HEEM].  The word 'elohiym with a lowercase e can refer to false gods, to angels, or to human rulers or judges.  The word 'Elohiym with a capital E refers to the Trinity.  The word 'elohiym can also be used to refer to might as in mightiness.  In that regard, the use of the word 'elohiym in reference to false gods, to angels, or to human rulers or judges involves the connotation of mightiness in comparison to an average human.  When a person puts oneʼs trust in and thereby serves as a devoted follower of and thus worships an angel or human, that angel or human is that personʼs false god.  Regarding the foregoing, the content of Joshua 24:15 involves Joshua calling attention to the choices that the Israelites had, and that content involves Joshua permitting the Israelites to make their choices while Joshua led by example with his choice.  

The gift of pastor-teacher is for the purpose of each pastor-teacher functioning as a messenger who communicates the Word of God rather than functioning as a priest between the Trinity and mankind.  In that regard, the time period that can be referred to as the Church Age started fifty days after the Lord Jesus Christ was resurrected, and all Church Age believers in the Lord Jesus Christ are priests.  The Lord Jesus Christ is the High Priest of Church Age believers, and believers should be willing to acknowledge/confess/profess to people the believersʼ faith in the Lord Jesus Christ, as per Hebrews 4:14–15:  

Therefore, since we have a great High Priest Who has passed through the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast the acknowledgment/confession/profession.  Indeed, we do not have a high priest who cannot sympathize with our weaknesses, but One Who has been tempted in all things as we are, yet without sin.

Also, the Lord Jesus Christ is the High Priest according to the order of Melchizedek [mel-KIZ-uh-dek], who was the ruler of Salem when Abraham was still named Abram.  Melchizedek was both a king and a priest, as per Genesis 14:18, which references Melchizedek greeting Abram:  

Then Melchizedek king of Salem has brought out bread and wine, and he is a priest of 'El [AYL] 'Elyown [el-YOHN] / God [focusing on God the Fatherʼs power] Most High.

The Lord Jesus Christ is also both a king and a priest because the Lord is the Priest according to the order of Melchizedek, as per Hebrews 7:14–17:  

Indeed, it is evident that our Lord has arisen from Judah, a tribe with reference to which Moses spoke nothing concerning priests.  Also, it is still much more evident:  that according to the similarity of Melchizedek, Another of a different type of priest arises, Who has become such not on the basis of a law of fleshly command / physical requirement but according to the power of an indestructible life.  Indeed, it is attested:  “YOU ARE A PRIEST FOREVER, ACCORDING TO THE ORDER OF MELCHIZEDEK.”

Note:  The Lord Jesus Christ is from the tribe of Judah.  Also, the Lord Jesus Christ is qualified to be a priest because He was resurrected and therefore has an indestructible body.  The above content in all capital letters is a reference to Psalm 110:4.  

Because a king is royalty, a king who is a priest is a royal priest.  In that regard, Church Age believers are royalty because they are members of the Lord Jesus Christʼs family.  Therefore, all Church Age believers are royal priests, as per 1 Peter 2:9–10:  

However, you are A CHOSEN PEOPLE, A royal PRIESTHOOD, A HOLY NATION, A PEOPLE FOR ACQUISITION/PRESERVATION, so that you may proclaim the excellencies of Him Who has called you out of darkness into His marvelous light, for you once were NOT A PEOPLE, but now you are GODʼS PEOPLE.  You had NOT RECEIVED MERCY, but now you have RECEIVED MERCY.

Note:  Before the Church Age, Gentiles were not Godʼs people.  In the Church Age, both Jewish and Gentile believers are Godʼs people.  The content of 1 Peter 2:10 references Hosea 2:23.  In that regard, Peter uses references involving Israel in the Old Testament to refer to Church Age believers.  

Itʼs the message rather than the messenger that should be the focus of the believer in the Lord Jesus Christ.  Put succinctly:  itʼs the message rather than the messenger.  In that regard, it is beneficial to keep in mind the content of Revelation 22:8–9, which was written by the apostle John, who, in addition to writing The Revelation to John, wrote The Gospel According to John, The First Epistle of John, The Second Epistle of John, and The Third Epistle of John:  

I, John, am the one who heard and saw these things, and when I heard and saw, I fell down to worship at the feet of the angel who showed me these things, but he says* to me, “Do not do that.  I am a fellow servant of yours and of your brethren the prophets and of those who keep the words of this book.  Worship God.”

*Note:  The word says is in the Greek historical present tense.  By means of the Greek historical present tense, past action or future action can be described from the perspective of someone seeing the action as it occurs.  

Regarding messages, believers should use the Word of God to examine what is being communicated.  That is what the Bereans who are mentioned in Acts 17:10–12 did:  

The brethren immediately sent Paul and Silas away by night to Berea, who, when they arrived, went into the synagogue of the Jews.  Now these were more noble-minded than those in Thessalonica, who received the word with all eagerness / readiness of mind, examining the Scriptures daily to see whether these things were so.  Therefore, many of them believed, and not a few prominent Greek women and men.

Note:  The phrase not a few means “quite a few.”  

Today, the return of the Lord Jesus Christ to meet believers in the Lord Jesus Christ in the clouds on the occasion of the Rapture is one day closer than it was yesterday.  The Rapture involves both deceased and living believers in the Lord Jesus Christ meeting the Lord in the clouds in the atmosphere of the earth, receiving glorified immortal resurrection bodies similar to the Lord Jesus Christʼs glorified resurrection body, and going to Heaven with those resurrection bodies.  Before the Rapture occurs, deceased believers in the Lord Jesus Christ are in Heaven without glorified bodies.  While it is possible that the Rapture will occur on the day of the Feast of Trumpets / Yom Teruah [yahm tuh-ROO-uh or yohm tuh-ROO-uh]—which is what some people call Rosh Hashanah and which some people celebrate for two days—the next occurrence of which will possibly be during August, September, or October of 2026, it is worthwhile for believers in the Lord Jesus Christ to get into the habit of being prepared every day for the return of the Lord, just in case the Rapture will occur on a day other than the day of the Feast of Trumpets / Yom Teruah.  Furthermore, it is worthwhile to be in the habit of being prepared for the Rapture so that if it does occur on the day of the Feast of Trumpets / Yom Teruah, one can be prepared for that day because of already being in the habit of being prepared.  Examples of being prepared for the Rapture include applying the content of 1 John 1:9 whenever one sins, being unselfish, and whenever circumstances are such that an opportunity arises, sharing the gospel—the good news that believing that the Lord Jesus Christ is the Savior Who was judged on the cross for the sins of humanity is the means by which a person is able to have eternal life.  Regarding sharing the gospel, one could also have a written or printed message containing the gospel with that written or printed message located somewhere where it could be easily noticed so that if a person or people were to read or hear that written or printed message either before or after the Rapture occurs, that person or people would thereby read or hear the gospel by means of that written or printed message.  

Regarding information about the Rapture, it is beneficial to keep in mind the content of 1 Thessalonians 4:13–18 and 1 Corinthians 15:51–52:  

1 Thessalonians 4:13–18

Now we do not want you to be uninformed, brethren, about those who are asleep, so that you will not grieve as do the rest who have no hope, for if we believe that Jesus died and rose again—and we do indeed believe that Jesus died and rose again—so also God will bring with Him those who have fallen asleep through Jesus.  Indeed, this we say to you by the word of the Lord, that we who are alive who remain until the coming of the Lord will not precede those who have fallen asleep, for the Lord Himself will descend from heaven with a shout of command, with a voice of an archangel and with a trumpet of God, and the dead in Christ will rise first.  Then we who are alive who remain will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we shall always be with the Lord.  Therefore, comfort one another with these words.

1 Corinthians 15:51–52

Behold, I tell you a mystery:  we will not all sleep, but we will all be changed, in a moment, in a twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet, for a trumpet will sound, and the dead will be raised incorruptible, and we will be changed.

After the Rapture will be the seven-year Tribulation.  The believers who will be alive on the earth when the Rapture occurs will escape the Tribulation.  1 Thessalonians 5:1–11 covers that topic.  In that regard, in the book 1 Thessalonians, the content of 1 Thessalonians 4:13–18 is immediately followed by the content of 1 Thessalonians 5:1–11.  

1 Thessalonians 5:1–11

Now as to the times and the epochs, brethren, you have no need of anything to be written to you, for you yourselves know full well that the day of the Lord is coming just like a thief in the night.  While they are saying, “Peace and safety!” then sudden destruction comes upon them like labor pains upon a woman with child, and they will not escape.  However, you, brethren, are not in darkness, that the day would overtake you like a thief, for you are all sons of light and sons of day.  We are not of night nor of darkness; therefore, let us not sleep as others, but let us be alert and sober.  Indeed, those who sleep do their sleeping at night, and those who get drunk get drunk at night.  However, since we are of day, let us be sober, having put on the breastplate of faith and benevolence/goodwill, and as a helmet, the hope / absolute confidence of deliverance, for God has not destined us for wrath but for obtaining deliverance through our Lord Jesus Christ, Who died for us, so that whether we are awake or asleep, we will live together with Him.  Therefore, comfort one another and edify one another, just as you also are doing.

Note:  In this context, the day of the Lord is the time period that consists of the Rapture, the seven years of the Tribulation, and the Second Advent.  In that regard, deliverance from the Tribulation is the deliverance in this context.  Also, unspecified is who will be saying “Peace and safety!”  In this context, sleeping refers to a lack of alertness.  The alertness in this context involves being ready for the Rapture.  In order to be ready for the Rapture, a believer needs to be filled with the power of God the Holy Spirit and to pay attention for historical trends such as people saying “Peace and safety!” and for historical trends that match the pattern of the world being on the brink of tremendous calamities like those that will occur during the Tribulation.  Regarding being filled with the power of God the Holy Spirit, once a believer commits a sin after salvation, that believer is no longer filled with the power of God the Holy Spirit and is out of fellowship with the Trinity.  After that believer has confessed/acknowledged to God the Father all of that believerʼs known unconfessed post-salvation sins, fellowship with the Trinity and the filling with the power of the Holy Spirit are restored.  The procedure for confessing/acknowledging to God the Father all of oneʼs known unconfessed post-salvation sins is mentioned in 1 John 1:9:  “If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.”  Fellowship with God the Father and God the Son is mentioned in 1 John 1.  Being out of fellowship with God the Holy Spirit is referenced in Ephesians 4:30.  In that regard, when a believer sins, that believer grieves the Holy Spirit.  Losing the filling of the power of God the Holy Spirit is referenced in 1 Thessalonians 5:19.  In that regard, when a believer sins, the power of God the Holy Spirit is quenched in that believer.  After a believer has confessed/acknowledged to God the Father all of that believerʼs known unconfessed post-salvation sins, that believer is then filled with the power of God the Holy Spirit again and in fellowship with the Trinity again.  

The verses of the day for April 24th are 1 Peter 1:18–19.  The title of that book is pronounced “First Peter.”  The title of the book 1 Peter is also known as “The First Epistle of Peter” and “The First Letter of Peter.”  In addition, for the names of the books of the Bible, instead of using the Arabic numeral 1, one can use the Roman numeral for 1; that Roman numeral is I.  With the Roman numeral, the book and chapter would be written as I Peter 1.  

The book 1 Peter was a letter written by the apostle Peter to believers in the Lord Jesus Christ in some provinces of the Roman Empire.  The capital city of the Roman Empire was the city Rome.  The word Rome can be used to refer to the city Rome, to the kingdom of which that city was the capital, to the republic of which that city was the capital, or to the empire of which that city was the capital.  The settlement that became the city Rome was founded in the 700s B.C.  Rome eventually became a kingdom.  That kingdom is known as the Roman Kingdom.  Then Rome became a republic.  That republic is known as the Roman Republic.  After that, Rome became an empire.  That empire is known as the Roman Empire.  The Lord Jesus Christ was born during the time of the Roman Empire.  

For broad geographical context, below is a link to a map of the apostle Paulʼs journey to Rome, the capital city of the Roman Empire.  Absent from the map is any content showing any of the apostle Peterʼs journeys.  The capital city Rome is located in grid coordinate A1.  Jerusalem is also on the map.  Jerusalem is located in grid coordinate F4.  At the time that the apostle Peter wrote 1 Peter, Jerusalem was under the control of the Roman Empire.  At that time, Jerusalem was within the Roman province of Judea [joo-DEE-uh or joo-DAY-uh].  The word Judea can also be spelled Judaea or Judæa.  The character æ is a ligature [LIG-uh-chuhr or LIG-uh-choor] of a and e.  Before the Romans conquered the region known as Judea, the name of the country of the Jewish people was Judah.  The inhabitants of Judah can be referred to as Judahites [JOO-duh-ights].  The inhabitants of Judea can be referred to as Judeans [joo-DEE-uhnz or joo-DAY-uhnz].  

https://Classic.NET.Bible.org/images/maps/jp4.jpg

If the above link is inaccessible, the below link can be tried instead.  

https://NETBible.org/media/images/maps/jp4.jpg

Listed below are the Roman provinces where the believers to whom Peter wrote 1 Peter were located.  Regarding those Roman provinces, the Roman province Asia refers to the western end of Asia Minor rather than the continent.  

Those Roman provinces were in different areas of what is now Turkey.  Below is a link to a map showing those Roman provinces.  

https://NETBible.org/media/images/constable/60Pe1-1.jpg

For reference, below is a link to a map that shows the seven churches of Revelation.  The key for that map is located in grid coordinates B3 and C3.  The seven churches of Revelation are located in grid coordinate B2.  A list of those seven churches, sorted in order of mention in Revelation 2–3, is located in grid coordinate D1.  

https://Classic.NET.Bible.org/images/maps/nt2.jpg

If the above link is inaccessible, the below link can be tried instead.  

https://NETBible.org/media/images/maps/nt2.jpg

Because it is useful to study verses that share the same context, below is content related to 1 Peter 1.  

1 Peter 1:1

Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to those who reside as aliens, scattered throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, who are chosen/elect

Note:  God the Father chose/elected people who He knew would believe in the Lord Jesus Christ as the Savior.  In that regard, God the Father knew in eternity past who would believe in the Lord Jesus Christ as the Savior.  Because God the Father is omniscient [all-knowing], He knew in eternity past what decisions each human being would choose to make.  Because God the Father is just, He permits each human being to make use of his or her volition [voh-LISH-uhn or vuh-LISH-uhn] (free will).  Because God the Father knew ahead of time what decisions each human being would choose to make, God the Father foreknew what those decisions would be.  With that knowledge about every humanʼs choices, God the Father decreed that those people would indeed make the choices that He knew that they would choose to make.  His decree predestined those choices to indeed occur.  No matter what Satan or any other angel or any human being or any other creature would try to do to prevent those choices from being made, God the Fatherʼs predestining of those choices ensures that those choices will indeed be made.  In that way, God the Father ensures that each human is able to make choices from his or her volition (free will).  In that regard, God the Father predestined that peopleʼs free-will decisions to become believers in the Lord Jesus Christ would indeed occur.  

If God the Father were to make peopleʼs choices for them instead of permitting each person to make his or her own decisions from his or her volition (free will), then God the Father would be showing partiality toward certain people.  Rather than being partial, God the Father is impartial.  This matter of God the Fatherʼs impartiality is referenced in Romans 2:11.  In that regard, below is content related to Romans 2:11.  

Romans 2:11

Indeed, there is no partiality with God.

The content of 1 Peter 1:1 is repeated below for reference.  

1 Peter 1:1

Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to those who reside as aliens, scattered throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, who are chosen/elect

1 Peter 1:2

according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, by the sanctifying work of the Spirit, concerning obedience and sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ:  Grace to you and peace be multiplied.

Note:  The obedience referenced in this verse refers to the Lord Jesus Christ obeying God the Father by being judged for the sins of humanity.  The phrase sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ in this verse is a metaphorical reference that refers to the Lord Jesus Christʼs judgment on the cross making salvation possible.  In that regard, there was sprinkling of the blood of sacrificed animals in sanctification rituals of the Mosaic Law.  The term Mosaic Law refers to the laws communicated by Moses to the ancient Israelites.  Because Moses communicated those laws, they are known collectively as the Mosaic Law.  The Lord Jesus Christ fulfilled the Mosaic Law by being judged on the cross for the sins of humanity.  Now that the Lord Jesus Christ has fulfilled the Mosaic Law, no believers in the Lord Jesus Christ are under the regulations of the Mosaic Law; therefore, people should refrain from sacrificing animals because such sacrifices have been invalidated by the Lord Jesus Christʼs fulfilling of the Mosaic Law when He received the judgment for the sins of humanity.  

In this verse, the phrase by the sanctifying work of the Spirit refers to positional sanctification.  The term positional sanctification refers to God the Holy Spirit baptizing every Church Age believer in the Lord Jesus Christ into Jesus Christ, which means placing that Church Age believer into union with the Person of Jesus Christ.  In other words, God the Holy Spirit makes the believer associated with the Lord.  God the Holy Spirit does the baptizing of a believer at the moment of salvation of that believer.  This association with the Lord Jesus Christ is a guarantee of eternal security, which means that the salvation of a believer can never be lost.  

1 Peter 1:3

Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, Who according to His great mercy has caused us to be born again to a living hope / absolute confidence through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead,

Note:  The phrase God and Father refers to God the Father.  In that regard, the phrase God and Father is a hendiadys [hen-DIGH-uh-diss], which is a figure of speech in which two words joined by the word and are used to express a single thought when one of those words could be used to describe the other word.  Also, the pronoun Who and the pronoun His refer to God the Father.  

A soul is a personʼs essence that involves thinking in general.  At the moment that a person believes in the Lord Jesus Christ as the Savior, the person believing in the Lord Jesus Christ as the Savior receives a human spirit.  A human spirit is a believerʼs essence that involves thinking of Bible doctrine—in other words, thinking that involves the Word of God.  Of course, at the moment of salvation, the only part of the Word of God in a believerʼs thinking is the gospel—the good news that believing that the Lord Jesus Christ is the Savior Who was judged on the cross for the sins of humanity is the means by which a person is able to have eternal life.  An unbeliever lacks a human spirit.  Each unbeliever has a body and soul; therefore, unbelievers are dichotomous [digh-KAHT-uh-muhs].  Each believer has a body, soul, and human spirit; therefore, believers are trichotomous [trigh-KAHT-uh-muhs].  The receiving of a human spirit that each believer experiences at the moment of salvation can be referred to as regeneration.  The topic of God the Holy Spirit accomplishing the regeneration of a person at the moment of salvation is covered in Titus 3:5.  A believerʼs receiving of a human spirit involves the metaphorical birth of that human spirit.  In that sense, a believer in the Lord Jesus Christ is born again.  

Because the Lord Jesus Christ was resurrected, believers in the Lord Jesus Christ can have absolute confidence that they will be resurrected also.  Church Age believers will be resurrected on the occasion of the Rapture.  With regard to the Church Age and the Rapture, below is a synopsis of human history as categorized into time periods known as dispensations.  In the below synopsis, there is the term hypostatic union [high-PUH-stat-ick YOON-yuhn].  This refers to the Lord Jesus Christ being 100% Deity and 100% humanity.  The English word hypostatic is derived from the Koine [KOI-nay] Greek word ὑπόστασις [pronounced hoo-PAH-stah-sees and transliterated as hypostasis].  After the Lord Jesus Christ was judged for the sins of humanity, His body was in the grave for three days and three nights.  He was then resurrected, and He was on the earth for forty days after He was resurrected.  He then ascended to Heaven, and ten days after that, the Day of Pentecost [PEN-tih-kahst] occurred.  The Day of Pentecost was the beginning of the Church Age.  The word Pentecost is derived from the Koine Greek word πεντηκοστή [pronounced pen-tay-kah-STAY and transliterated as pentēkostē].  That word is derived from the Koine Greek word πεντήκοντα [pronounced pen-TAY-kahn-tah and transliterated as pentēkonta], which means “fifty.”  Therefore, the word Pentecost is derived from the fact that that day occurred fifty days after the Lord was resurrected.  In that regard, the Church Age began fifty days after the Lord was resurrected.  The Church Age will end with the Rapture.  The Rapture involves both deceased and living believers in the Lord Jesus Christ meeting the Lord in the clouds in the atmosphere of the earth, receiving glorified immortal resurrection bodies similar to the Lord Jesus Christʼs glorified resurrection body, and going to Heaven with those resurrection bodies.  Before the Rapture occurs, deceased believers in the Lord Jesus Christ are in Heaven without glorified bodies.  Absent from the Bible is anything specifically indicating the precise date and time when the Rapture will occur, although it is possible that the Rapture will occur on the day of the Feast of Trumpets / Yom Teruah [yahm tuh-ROO-uh or yohm tuh-ROO-uh]—which is what some people call Rosh Hashanah and which some people celebrate for two days—the next occurrence of which will possibly be during August, September, or October of 2026.  

Regarding the word judgment, the proper way to spell that word is without an e between the dg and the m.  In that regard, the e of the root word judge is dropped when the suffix ment is added to that root word.  The formation of the word judgment is shown below.  

judge −e +ment

= judg +ment

= judgment

Another way to categorize human history is by means of civilizations.  Civilizations begin only with believers.  Regarding the timing of civilizations and dispensations, the first civilization began with Adam and ended on the occasion of the Great Flood (also known as the Flood).  That civilization is known as the antediluvian civilization and the predulivian civilization.  In that regard, the prefixes ante and pre mean “before.”  Also, there are various spellings of the adjectives that refer to the time before the Flood.  Those spellings include antediluvian, ante-diluvian, prediluvian, and pre-diluvian.  

After the Flood, there were only eight believers on the earth:  Noah, his wife, their three sons, and their sonsʼ wives.  With the removal of the unbelievers from the earth on the occasion of the Flood, a new civilization was started.  That civilization is known as the postdiluvian civilization (also known as the postdiluvial civilization).  Regarding the terminology, the prefix post means “after,” and the adjectives diluvian and diluvial mean “having to do with a flood.”  Also, there are various spellings of the adjectives that refer to the time after the Flood.  Those spellings include postdiluvian, post-diluvian, postdiluvial, and post-diluvial.  The postdiluvian civilization will end on the occasion of the Second Advent of the Lord Jesus Christ.  On the occasion of the Second Advent, the Lord will remove all unbelievers from the earth.  Their removal will be by means of physical death just as the removal of all unbelievers was by means of physical death on the occasion of the Flood.  This is called the Baptism of Fire, which is either a metaphorical description because fire can be used to represent judgment or a literal reference to the use of fire in the judgment of unbelievers on the occasion of the Second Advent.  The Baptism of Fire is referenced in Matthew 3:11–12; Luke 3:15–17; and 2 Thessalonians 1:7–9.  

Just as a new civilization started after the Flood, so also a new civilization will start after the Baptism of Fire.  That civilization is called the Millennium.  The Millennium is both a civilization and a dispensation.  The Eternal State is also both a civilization and a dispensation.  

The content of 1 Peter 1:3 is repeated below for reference.  

1 Peter 1:3

Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, Who according to His great mercy has caused us to be born again to a living hope / absolute confidence through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead,

1 Peter 1:4

to obtain an inheritance which is imperishable and undefiled and will not fade away, reserved in the heavens for you,

Note:  The content of this verse references an inheritance involving eternal rewards that believers in the Lord Jesus Christ receive after being resurrected.  The phrase imperishable and undefiled and will not fade away indicates that that inheritance involving eternal rewards is permanent.  In that regard, that phrase calls attention to the eternality of the eternal rewards.  In other words, it calls attention to the fact that the eternal rewards last forever.  

In this verse, the Koine Greek verb that is translated as “reserved” is τετηρημένην [pronounced teh-tay-ray-MEH-nayn and transliterated as tetērēmenēn].  That verb is an inflected form of the root word τηρέω [pronounced tay-REH-oh and transliterated as tēreō].  The inflected form tetērēmenēn is in the perfect tense.  In Koine Greek, the perfect tense indicates completed action.  By using the perfect tense, Paul indicates that the reserving of eternal rewards for believers has been completed.  

The Koine Greek noun that is translated as “heavens” in this verse is οὐρανοῖς [pronounced oo-rah-NOYSS and transliterated as ouranois].  That noun is an inflected form of the root word οὐρανός [pronounced oo-rah-NAHS and transliterated as ouranos].  The inflected form ouranois is a plural form of ouranos.  Regarding the word heaven, below is a summary of the different usages for that word.  

• The first heaven (also known as [aka] first heavens):  the atmosphere of earth

• The second heaven (aka second heavens):  outer space

• The Third Heaven (aka Third Heavens or simply as Heaven):  the location of the throne room of God the Father

It is possible that the noun ouranois in this verse refers to outer space, and it is possible that the noun ouranois in this verse refers to the location of the throne room of God the Father.  In that regard, outer space is a large place with many objects.  Also, it is possible that the location of the throne room of God the Father is a large place.  

In this verse, there is an absence of a definite article in front of the noun ouranois.  The absence of a definite article in front of a noun is known as an anarthrous construction [an-AR-thruhs kuhn-STRUHK-shuhn].  When there is an anarthrous construction, the quality of the noun is what is being emphasized in the grammar of the Koine Greek.  In that regard, the quality of the heavens is being emphasized in this verse.  Because English grammar involves emphasizing a noun by means other than omitting a definite article, the English definite article the has been included in the above translation.  In English, to emphasize a noun, the definite article before that noun is pronounced THEE regardless of whether the word after the definite article starts with a vowel sound or a consonant sound.  When a noun is not being emphasized in English, the definite article before that noun is pronounced THEE when the word after the definite article starts with a vowel sound and is pronounced THUH when the word after the definite article starts with a consonant sound.  

The emphasis on the quality of the heavens in this verse calls attention to the fact that the heavens are different than the earth.  In that regard, the content of this verse calls attention to the fact that the eternal rewards that are reserved for believers are not located on earth but instead are located elsewhere.  Also, the content of this verse calls attention to the fact that the eternal rewards are superior to earthly wealth.  In that regard, the content of this verse calls attention to the fact that a believer should live his or her life in the light of eternity—in other words, focused on eternity future.  

The content of 1 Peter 1:4 is repeated below for reference.  

1 Peter 1:4

to obtain an inheritance which is imperishable and undefiled and will not fade away, reserved in the heavens for you,

1 Peter 1:5

who are protected by the power of God through faith for a salvation ready to be revealed in the last time.

Note:  In this verse, the phrase a salvation ready to be revealed in the last time refers to each believer in the Lord Jesus Christ receiving a resurrection body on the occasion of the Rapture, which occurs at the end of the Church Age.  Receiving a resurrection body is known as ultimate sanctification.  Because the Rapture involves believers in the Lord Jesus Christ being taken from the earth, it is possible that the revealing that is referenced in this verse refers to the resurrection bodies of Church Age believers being revealed to angels.  It is also possible that the revealing that is referenced in this verse refers to the resurrection bodies of Church Age believers being revealed to other believers in Heaven whose going to Heaven occurred before the Church Age and who therefore will receive their resurrection bodies later, on the occasion of the Second Advent.  

1 Peter 1:6

In this you greatly rejoice, even though now for a little while, if it is necessary—and it  is indeed necessary—you have been distressed by various trials/testings/temptations,

Note:  In the context of this verse and the following verses, the connotation of the word trials involves testings/temptations rather than legal trials.  In Koine Greek, there are four classes of conditions.  In the translation of this verse, the type of if is called a first-class condition.  The first-class condition in this verse involves the Koine Greek conjunction εἰ [pronounced AY and transliterated as ei] followed by a Koine Greek verb in the indicative mood.  That Koine Greek verb is ἐστὶν [pronounced eh-STEEN and transliterated as estin].  That verb is an inflected form of the root word εἰμί [pronounced ay-MEE and transliterated as eimi].  

1 Peter 1:7

so that the proof/genuineness of your faith—more precious than gold which perishes— even though tested by fire, may be found to result in praise and glory and honor at the revelation/appearing of Jesus Christ, 

Note:  If gold touches certain substances, the gold can corrode.  In this verse, the context is such that the word fire is a metaphorical reference to testing of believers in the Lord Jesus Christ.  In that regard, the referent of a figure of speech depends on the context.  For example, the figure of speech of a lion can have different referents in different contexts.  Regarding that, the Lord Jesus Christ is referred to using the metaphor of a lion in Revelation 5:5, and Satan is referred to using the metaphor of a lion in 1 Peter 5:8.  With that in mind, it is the context that determines how one should interpret a figure of speech.  The context of 1 Peter 1:7 and the surrounding verses involves the life of a believer before going to Heaven.  

The phrase the revelation/appearing of Jesus Christ refers to the Rapture of Church Age believers in the Lord Jesus Christ.  The Rapture will end the Church Age.  At the Rapture, Church Age believers will meet the Lord in the clouds in the atmosphere of the earth.  On that occasion, the Church Age believers will also receive resurrection bodies.  In 1 Peter 1:7, the Koine Greek noun that is translated as “revelation/appearing” is ἀποκαλύψει [pronounced ah-pah-kah-LOO-psay and transliterated as apokalypsei].  That noun is an inflected form of the root word ἀποκάλυψις [pronounced ah-pah-KAH-loo-psees and transliterated as apokalypsis].  The English noun apocalypse is derived from the Greek noun apokalypsis.  

1 Peter 1:8

and though you have not seen Him, you exhibit benevolence toward / exhibit goodwill toward / love Him, and though you do not see Him now, but believe in Him, you greatly rejoice with inexpressible joy that has been glorified, 

Note:  Unspecified in this verse and the surrounding verses is how the joy of believers is glorified.  In that regard, it is possible that that glorifying of believersʼ joy involves that joy being called to the attention of angels.  

1 Peter 1:9

receiving the outcome / end result of your faith:  the salvation/deliverance of your souls [one early manuscript does not contain your].

Note:  The content of 1 Peter 1:6 provides context for 1 Peter 1:9.  In 1 Peter 1:6, Peter calls attention to the fact that it was necessary for the recipients of this epistle to experience various trials/testings/temptations and that those trials/testings/temptations were distressing.  In that regard, the context for 1 Peter 1:9 involves deliverance of believersʼ souls through distressing circumstances.  Regarding the plural noun souls in this verse, the word is plural because Peter is communicating to multiple believers.  In that regard, each believer has one soul.  

The deliverance of a believerʼs soul through distressing circumstances is the outcome / end result of that believerʼs faith.  In this verse, the Koine Greek noun that is translated as “outcome / end result” is τέλος [pronounced TEH-lahs and transliterated as telos].  That noun is an inflected form of the root word τέλος [pronounced TEH-lahs and transliterated as telos].  When a believer experiences distressing circumstances, that believerʼs faith in the Word of God results in that believer being delivered through those circumstances.  Also, when a believer goes to Heaven, that believer no longer experiences distress.  In that regard, a believerʼs faith in the Lord Jesus Christ as the Savior results in that believer being delivered from distress when that believer goes to Heaven.  

1 Peter 1:10

As to this salvation/deliverance, the prophets who prophesied of the grace that would come to you made careful searches and inquiries,

Note:  The phrase the prophets in 1 Peter 1:10 refers to Old Testament prophets.  

1 Peter 1:11

seeking to know / inquiring what person or time the Spirit of Christ within them was indicating as He predicted the sufferings of Christ and the glories after these.

Note:  The Old Testament prophets wanted to know the human identity of the Savior and to know know when the Savior would be judged for the sins of humanity.  In that regard, God the Holy Spirit revealed some information about the Lord Jesus Christ to Old Testament prophets but did not reveal all information about the Lord Jesus Christ to them.  In that regard, the completion of the Canon of Scripture over a period of time has involved what can be referred to as progressive revelation.  The term progressive revelation refers to more and more of the Word of God being revealed in the Canon of Scripture as the Canon of Scripture was completed.  The Canon of Scripture was completed in the 1st century A.D.  

1 Peter 1:12

It was revealed to them that they were not serving themselves but you, in these things which now have been announced to you through those who preached the gospel to you by the Holy Spirit sent from Heaven—things into which angels long to look [or gain a clear glimpse].

Note:  Angels are interested in God the Fatherʼs plan.  Regarding Old Testament prophets not serving themselves, people who serve themselves focus on privileges for themselves.  Such people are selfish.  In contrast, people who are unselfish focus on their responsibilities.  In that regard, rank hath its responsibilities.  That’s it (nothing else).  In other words, a believer who is in a position of rank should follow the example of Old Testament prophets by focusing on oneʼs responsibilities instead of trying to have privileges for oneself.  

1 Peter 1:13

Therefore, prepare your mind / gird the loins of your mind for action, being sober; fix your hope / absolute confidence completely on the grace that is brought to you at the revelation/appearing of Jesus Christ.

Note:  In this verse, the phrase fix your hope / absolute confidence completely on the grace refers to having an attitude of grace orientation.  The term grace orientation refers to a mental attitude focused on the grace of the Trinity.  The phrase gird the loins of your mind refers to preparing the mind.  In that regard, at the time that Peter wrote The First Epistle of Peter, many people wore long robes, and a person wearing a long robe could prepare for action by gathering up the long robe to that personʼs waist.  

Regarding the matter of preparing oneʼs mind for action and being sober in oneʼs thinking, levels of alertness can be categorized in terms of a mindset color code that involves four colors.  The mindset color code describes states of awareness.  The mindset color code can be utilized for matters outside oneself; for example, the color code can be applied to both physical dangers and also to the dangers of stumbling blocks that can lead a Christian to sin.  Also, the color code can be utilized introspectively with regard to the temptations that can originate from oneʼs old sin nature (OSN).  Every human except the Lord Jesus Christ has acquired an old sin nature, and each humanʼs old sin nature is in the body of that human.  The old sin nature, which is referenced in Ephesians 4:22 with the term old man, can also be referred to as the sin nature.  It is also referenced using the word flesh in Ephesians 2:3 and Galatians 5:16.  The content of Romans 6:6 associates the sin nature with peopleʼs bodies, and the content of Romans 7:17–18 references the sin nature being in peopleʼs bodies.  Adam and Ishshah [ish-SHAW] (the name of Eve before Adam renamed her Eve) were created without old sin natures, and they acquired old sin natures when they sinned.  All other human beings have been conceived.  Only the Lord Jesus Christ was conceived without an old sin nature.  All the other humans that were conceived have been conceived with old sin natures.  Likewise, all humans in the future will be conceived, and the conceiving of each of them will involve each of them receiving an old sin nature at the moment that each of them will be conceived.  Below are the conditions of alertness of the mindset color code and descriptions of them.  

As mentioned in the notes for verse 7, the phrase the revelation/appearing of Jesus Christ refers to the Rapture of Church Age believers in the Lord Jesus Christ.  In 1 Peter 1:13, the Koine Greek noun that is translated as “revelation/appearing” is ἀποκαλύψει [pronounced ah-pah-kah-LOO-psay and transliterated as apokalypsei].  That noun is an inflected form of the root word ἀποκάλυψις [pronounced ah-pah-KAH-loo-psees and transliterated as apokalypsis].  The English noun apocalypse is derived from the Greek noun apokalypsis.  

The content of 1 Peter 1:13 is repeated below for reference.  

1 Peter 1:13

Therefore, prepare your mind / gird the loins of your mind for action, being sober; fix your hope / absolute confidence completely on the grace that is brought to you at the revelation/appearing of Jesus Christ.

1 Peter 1:14

As children of obedience, do not conform yourselves to the former lusts/desires which were yours in your ignorance,

Note:  In this verse, the Koine Greek noun that is translated into English as “lusts” or “desires” is ἐπιθυμίαις [pronounced eh-pee-thoo-MEE-ighs and transliterated as epithymiais].  That noun is an inflected form of the root word ἐπιθυμία [pronounced eh-pee-thoo-MEE-ah and transliterated as epithymia].  Regarding the definition of that noun, below is a quote from the Outline of Biblical Usage section of the webpage at https://www.BLBClassic.org/lang/lexicon/Lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G1939&t=NASB95.  

“desire, craving, longing, desire for what is forbidden, lust”

Also regarding the definition of the word epithymia, below are quotes from the Strongʼs Definition section of the webpage at the same above link.  

“a longing (especially for what is forbidden)”

“concupiscence, desire, lust”

Lusting is a manifestation of arrogance.  In other words, lusting is a manifestation of selfishness.  By way of application, some examples of lust are listed below.  

A greedy person lusts to have something or some things.  A person who is greedy for money has monetary lust.  A person who is greedy for material possessions has materialism lust.  A distinction between those two types of lust is that the person with materialism lust has specific items or categories of items in mind, while the person with monetary lust is focused on the money.  Also, a person could have both of those types of lust.  A person could have other types of lust, too.  In addition, a person could be greedy for power.  Such a person has power lust.  A greedy person can also be described as covetous because lusting to have something or some things can also be described as coveting something or some things.  In addition to covetousness referring to greediness for money, material possessions, or power, covetousness also more broadly encompasses lusting to have people.  A person with such lust treats people like objects.  

A spiritual bully has crusader lust.  Such a person has a “holier-than-thou” attitude, which is an attitude of self-righteous arrogance—he or she believes that he or she is more righteous than others.  With regard to the crusader lust, the spiritual bullyʼs self-righteous arrogance can manifest in the form of crusader arrogance—he or she conducts a personal crusade in which he or she attempts to “whitewash” the devilʼs world by trying to force other people to be as righteous as he or she perceives himself or herself to be.  In that regard, the spiritual bully disrespects the free will of each person over whom the spiritual bully lords himself or herself.  

A narcissist might lust to dominate a person and thereby try to control that other personʼs life, violating the free will of that person.  Such a narcissist has power lust.  Also, the co-dependent victim of such a narcissist might lust for sympathy from others or even lust for approval from the domineering narcissistic persecutor—or even lust for both.  

A man who is a womanizer has approbation lust (a lust for approval or praise) and sexual lust.  Such a man uses women like objects in a futile attempt to gratify himself through the worshipping and the sensory experiences that he receives from the women whom he exploits.  In that regard, such a man forms a phallic cult with the purpose of making himself a god on which that cult is focused.  Because such a man is inferior to God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit, that womanizing man is merely a false god.  Also, a womanizer is a narcissist because he is self-absorbed.  In his selfishness, when he grows tired of one woman, he will reject her in favor of another woman or women, thereby treating the rejected woman as a discarded object.  In that regard, such a man will have a woman or women who are his favorites, with the other woman or women being what some men refer to as “side chicks.”  A side chick is a woman whom the womanizer uses when the other woman or women are unavailable.  A side chick essentially has a lower rank than that of the other woman or women who are members of the womanizerʼs phallic cult.  In that regard, side chicks are like concubines.  A concubine has lower rank and less privileges than a wife.  Regarding concubines and wives, the men whom the Bible mentions as having more than one wife or as having one or more concubines in addition to a wife were men who were womanizers.  

Below is a list of different types of lust.  There could also be other types of lust absent from the list.  Hopefully, this list illustrates that lusts can involve a variety of forms.  Also, this list will hopefully help with recognizing the various forms of lusts.  In that regard, some of the below-listed variations of lusts are related to each other.  Also, some of the types of lusts in the list have descriptive names.  

Approbation lust (a lust for approval or praise)

Lust for attention (also known as look-at-me-look-at-me lust)

Popularity lust (a lust for admiration)

Lust for fame (including either positive fame or infamy/notoriety)

Lust for immediate fame

Lust for lasting historical fame

Power lust (a lust for power)

Control-freak lust

Crusader lust

Lust to fulfill oneʼs plans/dreams for oneʼs life (instead of accepting God the Fatherʼs plans for oneʼs life)

Lust for success

Lust to be king of the hill (a lust to be superior to others or to be perceived as superior to others)

Lust to win competitions

Lust to win debates/arguments

Lust for favoritism

Lust to be envied by others

Lust to be idolized

Social-ladder-climber lust (a lust to be a member of a seemingly more prestigious strata of society)

Lust for respect

Lust for recognition

Lust for an honorific title or titles

Victimhood lust (a lust to be perceived as a victim)

Lust to be perfect

Lust to be perceived as perfect

Misery-demands-company lust (a lust to make others as miserable as—or even more miserable than—the one with the lust)

Criminal lust

Revenge lust

Lust for violence

Competition lust

Lust to view a sporting event in which people harm other people

Lust to view a sporting event in which people humiliate other people

Lust to view a competition in which people humiliate other people

Idolization lust (a lust for an idol in the flesh)

Tribal lust (a lust to be a member of a group)

Lust to be associated with a victorious sports person or sports team

Lust to be associated with a victorious person or team involved in a competition

Lust for elation

Lust for elation from a victory (either experienced or viewed)

Chemical lust

Lust for alcohol (It is possible to consume alcohol without lusting for it.)

Lust for drugs

Sweet-tooth lust (a lust for sweets) (It is possible to consume sweets without lusting for them.)

Lust for foods that quickly raise the blood-sugar level

Lust for food in general (gluttony) (It is possible to experience hunger without lusting for food.)

Lust for entertainment

Materialism lust

Keeping-up-with-the-Joneses lust (a lust to have what others have or do what others do—or both)

Lust to take into oneʼs own possession what belongs to others

Monetary lust

Pleasure lust

Sexual lust

Lust for sexual conquests like King David did (People with such a lust are pieces of garbage [to put it mildly] and should be avoided at all costs.)

Lust for stimulation

Lust for thrills

Lust for comforting circumstances

Lust for comforting words

Lust for paradise or an approximation thereof

Lust to give birth

Lust to be a parent

Lust for something new

Lust for security

The content of 1 Peter 1:14 is repeated below for reference.  

1 Peter 1:14

As children of obedience, do not conform yourselves to the former lusts/desires which were yours in your ignorance,

1 Peter 1:15

but according to the Holy One Who called you, be holy yourselves also in all your behavior 

Note:  In this verse, the phrase the Holy One and the pronoun Who refer to God the Father.  The content of this verse references what can be referred to as experiential sanctification.  A believer in the Lord Jesus Christ is experientially sanctified by being unselfish as frequently as possible.  In order to be unselfish, a believer must obey the Word of God.  In order to obey the Word of God, a believer must learn the Word of God while in fellowship with the Trinity and thereby filled with the power of God the Holy Spirit and then apply the Word of God while in fellowship with the Trinity and thereby filled with the power of God the Holy Spirit.  In that regard, once a believer commits a sin after salvation, that believer is no longer filled with the power of God the Holy Spirit and is out of fellowship with the Trinity.  After that believer has confessed/acknowledged to God the Father all of that believerʼs known unconfessed post-salvation sins, fellowship with the Trinity and the filling with the power of the Holy Spirit are restored.  The procedure for confessing/acknowledging to God the Father all of oneʼs known unconfessed post-salvation sins is mentioned in 1 John 1:9:  “If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.”  Fellowship with God the Father and God the Son is mentioned in 1 John 1.  Being out of fellowship with God the Holy Spirit is referenced in Ephesians 4:30.  In that regard, when a believer sins, that believer grieves the Holy Spirit.  Losing the filling of the power of God the Holy Spirit is referenced in 1 Thessalonians 5:19.  In that regard, when a believer sins, the power of God the Holy Spirit is quenched in that believer.  After a believer has confessed/acknowledged to God the Father all of that believerʼs known unconfessed post-salvation sins, that believer is then filled with the power of God the Holy Spirit again, in fellowship with the Trinity again, and ready to learn and obey the Word of God again.  Learning and obeying the Word of God results in changing oneʼs thinking.  

1 Peter 1:16

because it is written:  “YOU SHALL BE HOLY, FOR I AM HOLY.”

Note:  This is a reference to Leviticus 19:2.  Also, this refers to experiential sanctification.  

1 Peter 1:17

If you address—and you do indeed address—as Father the One Who impartially judges according to each oneʼs production / act / deed / doing / labor / work / whatever with which one is occupied / whatever one undertakes to do / thing done, conduct yourselves in fear/respect/reverence during the time of your sojourning, 

Note:  All prayer must be addressed to God the Father.  The Lord Jesus Christ Himself indicated that all prayer must be addressed to God the Father.  The content of Matthew 6:1–13 covers the Lord giving an example about how to pray.  In that regard, the content of Matthew 6:9 covers the Lord commanding that prayers be addressed to God the Father.  The content of Luke 11:1–4 also covers the Lord giving an example about how to pray.  In that regard, the content of Luke 11:2 covers the Lord commanding that prayers be addressed to God the Father.  

In the translation of 1 Peter 1:17, the type of if is called a first-class condition.  The first-class condition in this verse involves the Koine Greek conjunction εἰ [pronounced AY and transliterated as ei] followed by a Koine Greek verb in the indicative mood.  That Koine Greek verb is ἐπικαλεῖσθε [pronounced eh-pee-kah-LAY-stheh and transliterated as epikaleisthe].  That verb is an inflected form of the root word ἐπικαλέω [pronounced eh-pee-kah-LEH-oh and transliterated as epikaleō].  

The content of 1 Peter 1:17 indicates that God the Father is impartial.  In that regard, God the Father judges perfectly justly.  In other words, God the Father is perfectly fair in His evaluation of people.  

In 1 Peter 1:17, the Koine Greek noun that is translated as “production / act / deed / doing / labor / work / whatever with which one is occupied / whatever one undertakes to do / thing done” is ἔργον [pronounced EHR-gahn and transliterated as ergon].  That noun is an inflected form of the root word ἔργον [pronounced EHR-gahn and transliterated as ergon].  In the context of 1 Peter 1:17, ergon refers to whatever a person does.  

The Koine Greek noun that is translated as “fear/respect/reverence” in 1 Peter 1:17 is φόβῳ [pronounced FAH-boh and transliterated as phobō].  That noun is an inflected form of the root word φόβος [pronounced FAH-bahs and transliterated as phobos].  In that regard, the English noun fear as used in this verse is in the sense of respect/reverence towards God the Father.  In other words, it refers to an attitude of reverential awe towards God the Father.  

In 1 Peter 1:17, the phrase during the time of your sojourning refers to each believerʼs temporal life—in other words, each believerʼs life before going to Heaven.  The Koine Greek noun that is translated as “sojourning” in 1 Peter 1:17 is παροικίας [pronounced pah-roi-KEE-ahs and transliterated as paroikias].  That noun is an inflected form of the root word παροικία [pronounced pah-roi-KEE-ah and transliterated as paroikia].  The noun paroikia has a connotation of dwelling as a foreigner in a strange land.  Regarding the foregoing, Peterʼs use of paroikias in 1 Peter 1:17 calls attention to the temporary nature of each believerʼs life before going to Heaven.  In that regard, each believer has a limited amount of time to do whatever that believer does before going to Heaven.  

Just as a person playing a role on a literal stage has a limited amount of time during which that person stays on stage, so also a believerʼs temporal life involves a limited time during which that believer metaphorically stays on stage.  In that regard, before going to Heaven, each believer has a role to play in the drama of life.  Whether the metaphorical stage on which each believer performs that believerʼs role at any given moment is the spheroidally shaped object called planet earth, a space station, the moon, or somewhere else, the time that each believer is metaphorically on stage is limited; therefore, each believer should make the most of that believerʼs time in whatever role that believer has in life.  

The content of 1 Peter 1:17 is repeated below for reference.  

1 Peter 1:17

If you address—and you do indeed address—as Father the One Who impartially judges according to each oneʼs production / act / deed / doing / labor / work / whatever with which one is occupied / whatever one undertakes to do / thing done, conduct yourselves in fear/respect/reverence during the time of your sojourning, 

1 Peter 1:18

knowing that you were not redeemed/ransomed with perishable things like silver or gold from your futile way of life inherited from your forefathers 

1 Peter 1:19

but with precious blood, as of a lamb unblemished and spotless, the blood of Christ.  

Note:  In 1 Peter 1:19, the phrase as of a lamb unblemished and spotless refers to the Lord Jesus Christ being sinless—in other words, Him having been conceived without an old sin nature and Him never sinning.  As with verse 2, the reference to blood in 1 Peter 1:19 is a metaphor for the Lord Jesus Christ being judged on the cross for the sins of humanity.  The reason that a metaphor involving blood is used to refer to the Lord Jesus Christ being judged on the cross is because of the sacrifice of certain types of animals before the Mosaic Law was given to the Israelites and also during the time period when the Israelites were under the Mosaic Law.  When animals were sacrificed, there was blood involved, and that blood is a teaching illustration that metaphorically represents Jesus being judged for the sins of humanity.  Now that the Lord Jesus Christ has fulfilled the Mosaic Law, no believers in the Lord Jesus Christ are under the regulations of the Mosaic Law; therefore, people should refrain from sacrificing animals because such sacrifices have been invalidated by the Lord Jesus Christʼs fulfilling of the Mosaic Law when He received the judgment for the sins of humanity.  

The Lord Jesus Christ, by being judged for the sins of humanity, paid the price that enables those who believe in Him as the Savior to be ransomed from the slave market of sin.  In that regard, the Koine Greek verb that is translated as “redeemed/ransomed” in 1 Peter 1:18 is ἐλυτρώθητε [pronounced eh-loo-TROH-thay-teh and transliterated as elytrōthēte].  That verb is an inflected form of the root word λυτρόω [pronounced loo-TRAH-oh and transliterated as lytroō].  

It is worth noting that the content of verses 18 and 19 indicates that the price of eternal salvation is not paid with perishable things like silver or gold but is instead paid with the sacrifice of the Lord Jesus Christ in being judged on the cross for the sins of humanity.  In that regard, Peter indicated to the believers to whom this epistle was addressed that their ancestors had handed down to them traditions that involved a way of life that was futile.  That futile way of life is unable to provide eternal life for people.  In that regard, Peter called to the attention of the believers to whom this epistle was addressed the fact that the reason that they had eternal life was because of what the Lord Jesus Christ did rather than because of what those believers did.  

1 Peter 1:20

He was foreknown before the foundation of the world but has appeared in last times for the sake of you 

Note:  In this verse, the phrase last times refers to the Lord Jesus Christʼs time on the earth during the First Advent (also known as the Incarnation).  The First Advent was during a time when Israel still existed as a nation, albeit as an occupied province of the Roman Empire.  The name of that Roman province was Judea [joo-DEE-uh or joo-DAY-uh].  The word Judea can also be spelled Judaea or Judæa.  The character æ is a ligature [LIG-uh-chuhr or LIG-uh-choor] of a and e.  Before the Romans conquered the region known as Judea, the name of the country of the Jewish people was Judah.  The inhabitants of Judah can be referred to as Judahites [JOO-duh-ights].  The inhabitants of Judea can be referred to as Judeans [joo-DEE-uhnz or joo-DAY-uhnz].  Although the land of the Jews was the Roman-occupied province named Judea, the Romans permitted the Jews to have a certain amount of autonomy in governing themselves.  Such a foreign-occupied condition while still having a degree of autonomy is known as the fourth cycle of discipline (out of a total of five cycles).  

After the time of the First Advent, Jewish people revolted against the rulership of the Romans.  That revolt was finally ended by the Romans at the Battle of Masada in A.D. 73 or 74.  As a result of the Romans ending that revolt, the Jews lost any remaining autonomy that they had had, and they were scattered around the world.  Therefore, the nation of Israel ceased to exist at that time.  Such judgment of a nation is known as the fifth cycle of discipline.  With the foregoing in mind, it can be seen that the First Advent of the Lord occurred near the end of a time when the Jews lived as a nation in the land of Israel.  

Ancient Israel had had the responsibility of sharing with the world the good news that the means of receiving eternal life is—for those who believed before the Lord Jesus Christʼs public ministry was revealed—by means of believing that God the Son would take the form of the One sinless Human Who would be judged for the sins of humanity, that the means of receiving eternal life is—for those who believed after the Lord Jesus Christʼs public ministry was revealed and before the Lord Jesus Christ was judged on the cross for the sins of humanity—by means of believing that the Lord Jesus Christ is that sinless Human Who would be judged for the sins of humanity, and that the means of receiving eternal life is—for those who believe after the Lord Jesus Christ was judged on the cross for the sins of humanity—by means of believing that Jesus Christ is that sinless Human Who was judged for the sins of humanity.  An insufficient number of Israelites fulfilled that good-news-sharing responsibility.  Consequently, that responsibility has been given to nations that are outside the land of Israel.  This status will continue until the Church Age ends with the Rapture.  

After the Rapture, the very end of the Age of Israel will occur during the seven-year Tribulation, which will begin with the Rapture, end with the Second Advent of the Lord, and then be followed by the 1,000-year Millennial reign of the Lord on the earth.  In that regard, it is worth noting that absent from the timeframe referenced in 1 Peter 1:20 is any indication involving the very end of an age.  This is important because it is possible that when some people see or hear the phrase last times, they might think that that phrase refers to the Tribulation or the end of the Millennium.  Regarding that, the content of 1 Peter 1 demonstrates the value of interpreting verses within the scope of the context in which the verses are found.  

The content of 1 Peter 1:20 is repeated below for reference.  

1 Peter 1:20

He was foreknown before the foundation of the world but has appeared in last times for the sake of you 

1 Peter 1:21

who through Him are trustful towards God, Who raised Him from the dead and gave Him glory, so that your faith and hope / absolute confidence are in God.  

Note:  When a person believes in the Lord Jesus Christ as the Savior, that person is trustful towards God the Father.  

1 Peter 1:22

Having purified your souls by means of your obedience to the truth for an unhypocritical / unfeigned / sincere / genuine brotherly love / love of the brethren / fondness for the brethren, fervently exhibit benevolence/goodwill toward one another from the heart [two early manuscripts read a clean heart].  

Note:  The heart refers to the mind.  The phrase Having purified your souls refers to a believer confessing/acknowledging to God the Father all of that believerʼs known unconfessed post-salvation sins.  In that regard, once a believer commits a sin after salvation, that believer is no longer filled with the power of God the Holy Spirit and is out of fellowship with the Trinity.  After that believer has confessed/acknowledged to God the Father all of that believerʼs known unconfessed post-salvation sins, fellowship with the Trinity and the filling with the power of the Holy Spirit are restored.  The procedure for confessing/acknowledging to God the Father all of oneʼs known unconfessed post-salvation sins is mentioned in 1 John 1:9:  “If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.”  Fellowship with God the Father and God the Son is mentioned in 1 John 1.  Being out of fellowship with God the Holy Spirit is referenced in Ephesians 4:30.  In that regard, when a believer sins, that believer grieves the Holy Spirit.  Losing the filling of the power of God the Holy Spirit is referenced in 1 Thessalonians 5:19.  In that regard, when a believer sins, the power of God the Holy Spirit is quenched in that believer.  After a believer has confessed/acknowledged to God the Father all of that believerʼs known unconfessed post-salvation sins, that believer is then filled with the power of God the Holy Spirit again and in fellowship with the Trinity again.  

The Koine [KOI-nay] Greek noun translated as brotherly love / love of the brethren / fondness for the brethren in the above translation of 1 Peter 1:22 is φιλαδελφίαν [pronounced fee-lah-del-FEE-ahn and transliterated as philadelphian].  That noun is an inflected form of the root word φιλαδελφία [pronounced fee-lah-del-FEE-ah and transliterated as philadelphia].  In contrast, the Koine Greek verb translated as exhibit benevolence/goodwill toward in the above translation of 1 Peter 1:22 is ἀγαπήσατε [pronounced ah-gah-PAY-sah-teh and transliterated as agapēsate].  That verb is an inflected form of the root word ἀγαπάω [pronounced ah-gah-PAH-oh and transliterated as agapaō].  

1 Peter 1:23

having been born again, not out of perishable seed but imperishable, by means of living and enduring Word of God, 

Note:  A soul is a personʼs essence that involves thinking in general.  At the moment that a person believes in the Lord Jesus Christ as the Savior, the person believing in the Lord Jesus Christ as the Savior receives a human spirit.  A human spirit is a believerʼs essence that involves thinking of Bible doctrine—in other words, thinking that involves the Word of God.  Of course, at the moment of salvation, the only part of the Word of God in a believerʼs thinking is the gospel—the good news that believing that the Lord Jesus Christ is the Savior Who was judged on the cross for the sins of humanity is the means by which a person is able to have eternal life.  An unbeliever lacks a human spirit.  Each unbeliever has a body and soul; therefore, unbelievers are dichotomous [digh-KAHT-uh-muhs].  Each believer has a body, soul, and human spirit; therefore, believers are trichotomous [trigh-KAHT-uh-muhs].  The receiving of a human spirit that each believer experiences at the moment of salvation can be referred to as regeneration.  The topic of God the Holy Spirit accomplishing the regeneration of a person at the moment of salvation is covered in Titus 3:5.  A believerʼs receiving of a human spirit involves the metaphorical birth of that human spirit.  In that sense, a believer in the Lord Jesus Christ is born again.  

Regarding the Word of God being the means by which a believer is born again, the gospel is part of the Word of God, and the gospel is the good news that believing that the Lord Jesus Christ is the Savior Who was judged on the cross for the sins of humanity is the means by which a person is able to have eternal life.  Due to the use of the perfect tense in the phrase having been born again, this verse references the eternal security of all believers in the Lord Jesus Christ.  Believers can never lose their eternal life.  

In this verse, the word seed is used metaphorically.  In that regard, a personʼs physical birth involves a physical composition that decays.  In contrast, the eternal life that a person receives at the moment of believing in the Lord Jesus Christ is a life that never decays.  In that regard, the reference to imperishable seed in this verse is another reference to the eternal security of each believer.  

There is an absence of a definite article in front of the phrase living and enduring Word in this verse.  The absence of a definite article in front of a noun is known as an anarthrous construction [an-AR-thruhs kuhn-STRUHK-shuhn].  When there is an anarthrous construction, the quality of the noun is what is being emphasized in the grammar of the Koine Greek.  In that regard, the quality of the Word of God is being emphasized in this verse.  

1 Peter 1:24

for:  “ALL FLESH IS LIKE GRASS, AND ALL ITS GLORY LIKE THE FLOWER OF GRASS.  THE GRASS WITHERS, AND THE FLOWER FALLS OFF.  

Note:  The content in all capital letters in verses 24 and 25 of 1 Peter 1 is a reference to Isaiah 40:6–8.  

1 Peter 1:25

“NEVERTHELESS, THE WORD OF THE LORD ENDURES FOREVER.”  Moreover, this is the Word which was preached as good news to you.

Note:  As mentioned in the notes for verse 24, the content in all capital letters in verses 24 and 25 of 1 Peter 1 is a reference to Isaiah 40:6–8.  

Sincerely,

John